This page provides a list of resources for students and researchers who are new to the field of stellar interferometry. It provides a list of reading material and links to tutorial web pages that teach the basics of interferometry. The current and potential targets of stellar interferometry are discussed in depth in the //Annual Reviews// papers in the selected reading that follows. For information of a more technical nature and for links to current and future interferometry projects please consult the [[iau54:links|Links]] page. For information about radio interferometry please consult the [[http://www.nrao.edu/index.php/learn/radioastronomy/radiotelescopes|Education]] page of the [[http://www.nrao.edu/|National Radio Astronomy Obsevatory]]. ---- ===== Selected Reading in Long Baseline Stellar Interferometry ===== The following reading list provides a good introduction to the principles and practice of optical long-baseline interferometry. The //Annual Reviews// papers contain an extensive bibliography, and many of the key papers in the field (up until 1997) are contained in the SPIE Milestone volume. [[http://olbin.jpl.nasa.gov/iss1999/coursenotes/appendices.pdf|Appendix B]] of //Principles of Long Baseline Stellar Interferometry// contains a wide range and more up to date list of references covering the existing interferometers. === Popular science articles === * **[[http://scitation.aip.org/content/aip/magazine/physicstoday/article/62/6/10.1063/1.3156331|Probing stars with optical and near-IR interferometry]]** > Theo ten Brummelaar, Michelle Creech-Eakman, and John Monnier > //Physics Today// **62**, issue 6, 28-33 (2009) * **Optical interferometry comes of age** > Peter R. Lawson > //Sky and Telescope//, May (2003), pp. 30-39. * **[[http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/a-sharper-view-of-the-st/|A sharper view of the stars]]** (subscription required) > A.R. Hajian and J.T. Armstrong > //Sci. Am.//, March (2001). * **Stellar Optical Interferometry in the 1990s** > J. T. Armstrong, D. J. Hutter, K. J. Johnston, and D. Mozurkewich //Physics Today// **48**, 42 (1995). ===Astrophysics with optical interferometers=== * **[[http://www.astro.lsa.umich.edu/~monnier/Publications/ROP2003_final.pdf|Optical Interferometry in Astronomy]]** > J. Monnier > //Reports on Progress in Physics// **66**, 789-857 (2003). * **[[http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.astro.39.1.353|Optical Interferometry]]** > Andreas Quirrenbach > //Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys.// **39**, 353-401 (2001). * **[[http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev.aa.30.090192.002325|Long baseline optical and infrared stellar interferometry]]** (paywalled) > M. Shao and M.M. Colavita > //Ann. Rev. Astron. Astrophys.// **30**, 457-498 (1992). ===Engineering and Technology=== * **[[http://www.amazon.com/Introduction-Optical-Stellar-Interferometry/dp/0521828724|An Introduction to Optical Stellar Interferometry]]** > A. Labeyrie, S. G. Lipson, and P. Nisenson > Cambridge University Press (2006). * **[[http://olbin.jpl.nasa.gov/iss1999/coursenotes.html|Principles of Long Baseline Stellar Interferometry]]**. P.R. Lawson, editor (Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 2000). Course notes from the 1999 Michelson Interferometry Summer School. * **[[http://spie.org/x648.html?product_id=278013|Selected Papers on Long Baseline Stellar Interferometry]]** P.R. Lawson, editor (SPIE Press: Bellingham WA, 1997). SPIE Milestone volume of papers covering stellar interferometry from 1868 to 1996. =Stellar Interferometry Explained on the Web= * [[http://ftp.nofs.navy.mil/projects/npoi/whynpoi.htm|Why use an interferometer?]] from the NPOI web pages. * [[http://www.mtwilson.edu/sci/int/interferometry.php|An Introduction to Interferometry]] from the Mount Wilson Observatory. * [[http://xxx.lanl.gov/abs/astro-ph/9609092|Introduction to Interferometry]], by Tim Bedding, Univ. Sydney. * [[@http://www.geocities.com/CapeCanaveral/2309/page1.html|Astronomical Optical Interferometry]] described by Bob Tubbs, Cambridge University. ==Web Animations Illustrating Interferometry== * [[http://planetquest.jpl.nasa.gov/SIM/multimedia/|Multimedia Resources]] from the Space Interferometry Mission. * [[@http://www.narrabri.atnf.csiro.au/astronomy/vri.html|Virtual Radio Interferometer]]. A Java applet that simulates how radio interferometers work. ==Images Illustrating Astronomical Interferometry== * [[ftp://ftp.mrao.cam.ac.uk/pub/coast/speckle.gif|Speckle Image of Capella]] from [[http://www.mrao.cam.ac.uk/telescopes/coast/coast.ftp.html|COAST File Archive]]. * [[http://www.eso.org/outreach/press-rel/pr-2001/pr-06-01.html|First Llight with the VLTI]] schematic of interferometer and fringes from a star. * [[http://olbin.jpl.nasa.gov/news/coast/lawson.html|Desktop Interferometer]] * [[http://olbin.jpl.nasa.gov/news/aluminium.html|Aluminium Foil Interferometer]] ==Email Discussion Groups== * [[@http://listes.obs.ujf-grenoble.fr/wws/info/forumhra|Forum Haute Resolution Angulaire]] [old address: [[@http://www-laog.obs.ujf-grenoble.fr/~listserv/forumhra/date.html|Forum]]] from [[@http://www-laog.obs.ujf-grenoble.fr/~hra/|LAOG]]. * [[@http://listes.obs.ujf-grenoble.fr/wws/info/olbin|Optical Long Baseline Interferometry News Forum]] ==Interferometry Summer Schools== * [[http://www.vlti.org/events.php|VLTI Summer Schools]] * [[http://olbin.jpl.nasa.gov/iss1999/index.html|1999 Michelson Interferometry Summer School]]. * [[http://olbin.jpl.nasa.gov/iss2000/index.htm|2000 Michelson Interferometry Summer School]], web-based course notes. * [[http://olbin.jpl.nasa.gov/iss2001/cdrom1/index.htm|2001 Michelson Interferometry Summer School]], web-based course notes. * [[http://olbin.jpl.nasa.gov/iss2002/index.htm|2002 Michelson Interferometry Summer School]], web-based course notes. * [[http://www.mariotti.fr/obsvlti/|2002 VLTI Euro Winter School]] * [[http://msc.caltech.edu/school/2003/|2003 Michelson Interferometry Summer School]], web-based course notes. * [[http://www.vlti.org/events.php|On the Fringe]] VLTI schools ==History of Stellar Interferometry== * [[http://olbin.jpl.nasa.gov/iss1999/coursenotes/appendices.pdf|Notes on the History of Stellar Interferometry]] by P. R. Lawson (2000). * [[http://www.usna.edu/Library/sca/findingaids/michelson/index.html|Michelson Collection]] at the US Naval Academy. * [[http://hdl.huntington.org/cdm/search/searchterm/interferometer!interferometer/field/all!all/mode/all!all/conn/and!and/order/title/ad/asc|Photographs]] from the Huntington Digital Library. * [[http://www.academie-sciences.fr/activite/archive/dossiers/Fizeau/Fizeau_pdf/Fizeau_Picard.pdf|Les theories de l'optique et l'oeuvre d'Hippolyte Fizeau]] by E. Picard (1923) from the French Academy of Sciences. * [[@http://www.staff.amu.edu.pl/~zbzw/ph/sci/aam.htm|A.A. Michelson]] links with biographical information. * [[@http://www.sil.si.edu/digitalcollections/hst/scientific-identity/CF/display_results.cfm?alpha_sort=f|H. Fizeau]] photograph and [[http://www.knight.org/advent/cathen/06088b.htm|biography]]. * [[http://www.oamp.fr/patrimoine/stephan.html|E. Stephan]] photograph and his own [[http://www.oamp.fr/patrimoine/sourcesimprim-f.html|History of the Observatoire de Marseille]] (in French). * [[@http://www.oamp.fr/patrimoine/museevirtuel-telescopes.html|Foucault 80-cm telescope]] at the Observatoire de Marseille The following interferometers have ceased operations - the indicated dates are approximately the dates that the interferometers were operational: [[@http://hdl.huntington.org/cdm/search/searchterm/20-foot|20ft]] (1920-1931), [[@http://hdl.huntington.org/cdm/search/searchterm/50-foot|50ft]] (1931-1938), [[http://olbin.jpl.nasa.gov/photos/nsii.html|Intensity Interferometer]] (1964-1976), I2T (1974-1987), Mark I (1979), Mark II (1982-1984), 11.4m prototype (1985-1988), [[http://olbin.jpl.nasa.gov/photos/gi2t_5/soir.htm|SOIR D'ETE]] (1979-1993), IRMA (1990-1992), [[@http://www.mtwilson.edu/Tour/NRL/|Mark III]] (1986-1993), [[http://www.kis.uni-freiburg.de/~ovdluhe/Interferometry/AG98/Image69.jpg|I2T/CHARON]] (1993-1996), and [[@http://tamago.mtk.nao.ac.jp/mira/|MIRA-I]] (1998-1999). A [[http://olbin.jpl.nasa.gov/news/history.html|Timeline of Stellar Interferometry]] shows the development of these interferometers from 1955 up until January 2000. ---- If you see errors or oversights on this page, please contact me. Suggestions for changes are always welcome.